Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)

Diagnosis of interstitial lung disease typically involves a combination of imaging studies and functional assessments:

• Chest imaging: A chest X-ray or computed tomography scan is often performed to assess the extent and pattern of lung changes.
• Lung function testing: Pulmonary function tests help evaluate lung capacity and how well air moves in and out of the lungs, which may be reduced in ILD.
• Advanced procedures: In complex cases or when a specific ILD type needs to be identified, more invasive tests may be recommended, such as bronchoscopy (examining the airways with a scope) or lung biopsy (removing a small sample of lung tissue for analysis).

Treatment for ILD depends on the specific type of disease and its severity. Because lung damage from ILDs is often irreversible and progressive, management focuses on relieving symptoms, improving quality of life, and slowing disease progression.

1. Medications:

• Corticosteroids and other anti-inflammatory drugs may be prescribed to reduce inflammation in the lungs.

2. Oxygen therapy:

• Supplemental oxygen can ease breathing difficulties and reduce complications related to low blood oxygen levels, such as heart strain or heart failure.

3. Pulmonary rehabilitation:

• Structured programs can help improve lung efficiency, physical endurance, and provide emotional support for patients managing a chronic illness.

4. Lung transplantation:

• In severe or advanced cases, lung transplant surgery may be considered when other treatments are no longer effective.