Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection

Doctors usually diagnose RSV based on symptoms and a physical exam. In some cases, especially in infants or high-risk patients:

• Nasal swab to detect RSV using rapid antigen tests or PCR
• Chest X-ray if pneumonia is suspected
• Pulse oximetry to check oxygen levels
• Blood tests in severe cases

Most mild cases don’t need testing, as treatment is supportive.

There is no specific antiviral medicine for RSV in most cases. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and supporting breathing:

• Keeping your child well-hydrated
• Using a humidifier to ease congestion
• Clearing nasal secretions with saline and suction
• Monitoring for signs of worsening breathing

In more serious cases, especially in infants or children with difficulty breathing, hospitalization may be needed for:

• Oxygen therapy
• IV fluids
• Suctioning of airway secretions
• Sometimes mechanical ventilation in severe cases

Antibiotics do not treat RSV unless there is a bacterial infection as well.