Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) Symptoms

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal infection in women of reproductive age. It occurs when the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina is disrupted, allowing overgrowth of certain bacteria. Symptoms may include thin gray or white vaginal discharge, a strong fish-like odor (especially after sex), itching, or burning during urination. Some women may have no symptoms at all.

• Causes: Overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria, replacing normal Lactobacillus species.
• Risk factors:

New or multiple sexual partners

Douching (which disrupts normal bacterial balance)

Lack of protective vaginal flora

Smoking

Natural hormonal changes (menstruation, pregnancy)

See a healthcare provider if you develop abnormal vaginal discharge, odor, or irritation. BV is not considered a sexually transmitted infection but can increase the risk of contracting STIs and pregnancy complications. Prompt treatment is especially important for pregnant women or women undergoing gynecologic procedures.