Brain Tumor Symptoms

A brain tumor is an abnormal growth of cells within the brain or nearby structures. Tumors can be benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous), but both may increase pressure inside the skull and affect brain function. Symptoms depend on tumor size, type, and location. Common signs include persistent headaches, seizures, nausea and vomiting, vision or speech problems, and changes in personality or memory.

• Causes: The exact cause is unclear; abnormal cell growth and genetic mutations play a role.
• Risk factors:

Family history of brain tumors or genetic syndromes (e.g., Li-Fraumeni syndrome)

Previous radiation therapy to the head

Weakened immune system (HIV/AIDS, immunosuppressive drugs)

Age — some types are more common in children, others in older adults

Exposure to certain chemicals (rare and less clearly established)

See a doctor if you have persistent headaches, new or worsening seizures, unexplained vision changes, weakness or numbness on one side of the body, confusion, difficulty speaking, or sudden personality changes. These may signal a serious neurological condition requiring immediate evaluation.