Loss of Appetite

Loss of appetite, also called anorexia (not to be confused with anorexia nervosa), is a reduced desire to eat. It can be temporary, such as during acute illness, or prolonged, indicating a more serious medical or psychological issue. Appetite loss may lead to unintended weight loss, malnutrition, or weakness if persistent.

• Short-term causes: Viral or bacterial infections, flu, stress, medications, food poisoning.
• Chronic medical conditions: Cancer, chronic kidney disease, liver disease, COPD, congestive heart failure.
• Mental health conditions: Depression, anxiety, eating disorders, grief.
• Medications and treatments: Chemotherapy, antibiotics, pain relievers, opioids.
• Risk factors: Older age, chronic illness, recent major surgery, polypharmacy (multiple medications), emotional stress.

See a doctor if loss of appetite lasts more than a few days, is associated with significant or unexplained weight loss, fatigue, fever, abdominal pain, or changes in bowel habits. Seek urgent care if accompanied by dehydration, severe weakness, or signs of an underlying serious condition such as cancer or severe infection.