Treadmill Test (Exercise Stress Test)

A treadmill test, also called an exercise stress test, evaluates how the heart responds to increasing levels of physical activity. It is primarily used to detect coronary artery disease, assess exercise tolerance, monitor response to heart medications, and guide safe levels of activity for patients with known heart disease.

• Do not eat, drink caffeine, or smoke for at least 3 hours before the test.
• Wear lightweight, comfortable clothing and walking shoes.
• Ask your doctor whether to continue or temporarily stop medications such as beta-blockers, which may affect results.
• Report any recent chest pain, shortness of breath, or illness before beginning the test.

Electrodes are placed on your chest to record heart rhythm, and a blood pressure cuff monitors circulation. You will walk on a treadmill at gradually increasing speeds and inclines. The test continues until you reach a target heart rate, experience symptoms, or your doctor decides enough data has been gathered. The entire procedure takes about 30–45 minutes including preparation and recovery.

• Most patients tolerate the test well.
• Possible risks include chest pain, arrhythmias, dizziness, or, very rarely, heart attack.
• Because the test is conducted under medical supervision, emergency support is immediately available.

The cardiologist reviews ECG tracings, blood pressure responses, and exercise tolerance. Abnormal findings may indicate restricted blood flow to the heart or rhythm disturbances. Results guide decisions on further tests such as echocardiography, nuclear stress testing, or coronary angiography, as well as adjustments to treatment and lifestyle recommendations.